Loot boxes are virtual items that players can purchase in video games that contain a randomized assortment of in-game items such as weapons, armor, or character skins. While they have become a popular feature in many games, loot boxes have also generated controversy due to their similarities to gambling. One reason they may be appealing for gamers with Parkinson’s disease may be related to dopamine and its association with motivation, reward, and pleasure.
When we play video games, dopamine is released in the brain, particularly in the striatum region, which is responsible for reward processing. This surge of dopamine reinforces our motivation to continue playing, as we associate the pleasurable response with our gameplay. Winning a game, leveling up, or unlocking a new item can all trigger dopamine release, which can create feelings of excitement and satisfaction.
Loot boxes tap into the same reward pathway as other forms of gaming, but with the added thrill of chance. Players purchase a loot box with the hope of receiving a rare or valuable item, creating a sense of anticipation and excitement. This anticipation can be further heightened by the game’s presentation of the loot box, such as with flashing lights or dramatic sound effects, which can increase dopamine release even before the box is opened.
Research has shown that the unpredictability of rewards can lead to an even greater release of dopamine than predictable rewards. A study conducted by Auer and Griffiths in 2019 found that the random nature of loot boxes could be particularly appealing to individuals who are susceptible to gambling-like behavior, due to the potential for a large reward.
